Pindos - Cosy villages and exciting bridge constructions

  • Written by Portal Editor

Our tour through the Pindos National Park had first led us to the villages of Kapesovo and Koukouli, both of them, so at least local documents, were founded in the 13th century.

Under the occupation by the Ottomans, a peace and cooperation agreement between the villages of Zagori region (at the time there were 14 villages) and the Ottomans was signed in 1430. The villages of Zagori are described as a kind of autonomous federation, which included several liberties, a contract lasting for the next few centuries.

The influence of the rich Zagorian family towards the Sublime Porte

The privileges granted to the federal government of Zagori could be, for the most biggest part, maintained till 1868. The influence of the wealthy family Zagorian against the Sublime Porte was quite important in this relation. According to these privileges, the Confederation of Zagori was autonomous and self-governing, but under the control of a Vekili which had his seat in Zagori. A similar structure of a certain independence from the Ottoman occupation we had discovered in the valleys near Omis in Croatia.

Many of the residents in the local area were merchants and traders, until some of them were traveling abroad within the 18th century and made huge profits. The Plakidas family was one of those who even made an asset.  Alexios Plakidas, a benefactor and patron of his home region, donated large amounts of money for the village and the Zagori region.

The inhabitants of the wider area traditionally used a complex and functional network of paths through the mountains for their daily activities. At the same time the residents have been forced, due to the special morphology of the soil, the climate with its frequent rain and snowfall, as well as from the many swift streams and rivers, to build paths and bridges made of stone (particularly for bridges),which connected the paths  and created a better usage for the settlements.

The construction of bridges required great skills, therefore the bridges were the work of specially trained masters who in the majority originated from the villages of Konitsa and Voios. All bridges have been built in the period of 18th and 19th century with financial help by richer inhabitants or Turkish governors, which then  gave their name to the bridge.

Today about 80 stone bridges have been preserved in the whole region of the park, which have, depending on width of the river in its majority one arch, two or three arches. There are works of art in bridge construction, which are already worth the visit to the Pindos National Park in itself. In conjunction with inns, watermills and shrines, you will often encounter, the bridges are unique structural incentives for hiking in the Pindos area.

In the area of Zagori are the following bridges:

  1. Bridge of Saint Minas (Dilofos)
  2. Bridge Noutsos or Kokori at the entrance of the gorge Vikos (Koukouli, 1750)
  3. Bridge Missios in Vikos (Κoukouli - Vitsa, 1748)
  4. three-arched bridge of Plakida or Kalogeriko above Bagiotiko current (Kipi - Κoukouli, 1814)
  5. Bridge Kontodimos or Lazaridis at the end of the canyon Vikaki (Kipi, 1753)
  6. double arched bridge of Milos above Bagiotiko river (Κipi, 1748)
  7. Bridge Petsioni above Bagiotiko river (Κipi, 1830)
  8. Bridge in "Agios" position above the river Bagiotiko (Κipi)
  9. three-arched bridge Petsioni above the river Zagoritiko (Fraggades, 1818)
  10. three-arched bridge over the river Kaloutas Zagoritiko (Kaloutas)
  11. Bridge in Negades over a tributary of the river Mpagiotiko
  12. Bridge in scale of Vradeto above the gorge of Mezaria
  13. Bridge of Tsepelovos (of Hatsio, Anthio or Palaiogefuro 1804)
  14. Bridge of Kir Aleksis above Skamneliotiko river (Skamneli, 1812)
  15. Bridge over a Kouitsas tributary of the river Aoos (Vrisochori)
  16. Bridge of Stathis over a tributary of the river Zagoritiko (Dikorfo)
  17. Bridge over the river Anthrakiti Zagoritiko (position Dardakali - Κakavakia - Κoutsoliakos)
  18. Bridge over the river Kavallari Zagoritik
  19. Bridge over the river Kamper Aga Zagoritiko (Μiliotades)
  20. Bridge over the river Tsipianis Varda (Greveniti - Tristeno, 1875)
  21. Bridge over the river Kourtias Varda (Doliani, 1828)
  22. Bridge over Drogari, tributary of the river Vardas (Κastanonas)
  23. Bridge over the river Aoos Vovousa (1748)
  24. Bridge over a Vovousa tributary of the river Aoos
  25. Bridge over a Papigkos tributary of the river Voidomatis (1854)

Area of Konitsa

26. Bridge of Voidomatis in Kleidoniá (1853)
27. Bridge of Konitsa over the river Aoos (1850)
28. Bridge Mpousi across the creek from Aoos, in Topolitsa (Κonitsa, 1904)
29. Bridge Pournias across the creek from Sarantaporo (1853)
30. Bridge of Pigi

Area of Grevena

31. three-arched bridge over the river Aziz Aga Venetikos (Τrikomo, Κosmati, Κipourio 1727)
32. Bridge over the river Kagkelia Venetikos (Τrikomo, Monahiti)
33. Bridge of Portitsa over a tributary of the River Venetikos (Spilaio, 1793)
34. Bridge of Ziakas over the river Venetikos (Ζiakas, 19th century)
35. Bridge over the river Katsogiannis Venetikos (Spilaio, 1800)
36. Bridge over the river Liatissa Venetikos (Spilaio)
37. Bridge of Stampeki over a tributary of the River Venetikos (Κrania, 1850)
38. Bridge of Matsagkani over a tributary of the River Venetikos (Κrania 1850)

Today the villages are increasingly popular tourist destinations, especially during the winter season. The buildings of traditional architecture, as well as two schools and the historic restaurant serve as accommodation for tourists. The potential for walks along the ancient paths are just a bit discovered and used until now, what means a huge potential for the region.

The Pindos Mountains

Located in the heart of Greece, the Pindos Mountains are a treasure trove of natural beauty and historical wonders. Among their most fascinating features are the ancient stone bridges that have stood the test of time. These architectural wonders are not just functional structures, but symbols of Greece's rich cultural heritage, connecting communities and telling stories of the past.

Today, the villages are increasingly popular tourist destinations, especially in the winter season. The buildings of traditional architecture, as well as two schools and the historic restaurant, serve as accommodation for the tourists. However, the potential for hiking along the ancient trails has so far been little discovered and exploited.

Location and Geographical Significance
The Pindos Mountains stretch across northern and central Greece and are often referred to as the "backbone of Greece". This region is known for its rugged terrain, lush forests and pristine rivers, making it a paradise for nature lovers and history buffs.

Natural Beauty and Historical Attractions
From deep gorges to ancient monasteries, Pindos offers a diverse range of attractions. However, the stone bridges remain one of its most iconic landmarks, blending seamlessly with the stunning landscape.

Why Pindos is known as the “Backbone of Greece”
The Pindos Mountains serve as a natural dividing line between eastern and western Greece, influencing weather patterns and playing a crucial role in the country’s ecology and history.

History of Stone Bridge Building

Origins of Stone Bridge Architecture in Greece
The tradition of stone bridge building in Greece dates back to the Byzantine period, with many constructed during the Ottoman period. These bridges were essential for connecting remote villages and facilitating trade.

Techniques of Local Artisans
Master craftsmen, known as “mastoroi,” used local materials such as limestone and slate and employed advanced techniques to create durable and aesthetically pleasing structures.

The Role of Bridges in Trade and Communication
In a time when roads were scarce, these bridges were lifelines that enabled the transport of goods and promoted communication between isolated communities.

Famous Old Stone Bridges in Pindos

Plakidas Bridge – the iconic arch
Known for its three elegant arches, Plakidas Bridge is a masterpiece of symmetry and balance. It is one of the most photographed bridges in the region and offers a glimpse into the artistry of its builders.

Kokkoros Bridge – a masterpiece of balance
This single-arch bridge stands out for its sleek design and perfect integration with the surrounding landscape. It is a must-see for anyone exploring the Vikos Gorge.

Missios Bridge – an overlooked gem
Although less famous, Missios Bridge is a hidden treasure that showcases the ingenuity of ancient Greek engineering. Its tranquil location makes it a popular destination for hikers.

Architecture and Design

Unique Features of Pindos Bridges
The bridges are characterized by their elegant arches that evenly distribute weight and ensure stability. Each bridge has a unique design tailored to its specific location.

Materials and construction techniques
Local stones and lime mortar were used to build these bridges to ensure their durability. Builders often incorporated decorative elements to enhance their aesthetic appeal.

How the bridges blend into the natural landscape
The harmonious integration of these structures into their surroundings is a testament to the builders' respect for nature.

Cultural and historical significance

Bridges as symbols of unity and connection
These bridges were more than just physical connectors; they symbolized the unity of communities and the flow of culture and trade.

Stories and legends surrounding the bridges
Many of the bridges are steeped in folklore, and stories about their construction and mythical protectors add to their mystique.

Role in local traditions and festivals
Some bridges serve as venues for local festivals, thus keeping the region's traditions alive.

Preserving the Stone Bridges of Pindos

Challenges in Preserving Ancient Structures
Erosion, weathering and human activities pose significant threats to these historic bridges.

Efforts of local communities and organizations
Local initiatives and international funding have been crucial to preserve these landmarks for future generations.

Sustainable tourism and its impacts
Promoting responsible tourism ensures that visitors can enjoy these wonders without causing harm.

Visit the Stone Bridges Today

Best Time to Visit Pindos
Spring and fall are ideal for exploring the region as they offer mild weather and stunning scenery.

Hiking Trails and Guided Tours
Well-marked trails lead to the bridges and guided tours offer insight into their history and significance.

Tips for Travelers and Photography Enthusiasts
Wear sturdy shoes, bring a camera and be prepared to be awed by the beauty of these timeless structures.

Conclusion

The ancient stone bridges of Pindos are not just architectural wonders but living monuments to Greece's rich history and culture. Whether you're a history buff, a nature lover or simply someone seeking tranquillity, these bridges offer an unforgettable experience.

Please read as well:

Exploring Pindos Mountains - Hiking Vikos Gorge

Routes to South - even for long term stay

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